Which statements are not true for the pharmacological treatment of dyslipidaemias? Ezetimib inhibits the absorption of cholesterolr simvastatin is involved in many pharmacokinetic interactions due to the metabolism by cytochrome P-450 enzymes if the goals are not achieved with the maximum tolerated dose of statin, combination with gemfibrozil or ezetimibe is recommended statins are the first-line treatment for increased blood HDL-values creatinine kinaze should be tested annually to detect the adverse effects of statins on muscles treatment targets depend also on the patient total cardiovascular risk.
A young woman has a prescription for co-amoxiclav 500 mg/125 mg three times per day If we suspect that patient is pregnant and she has cystitis, amoxicillin or nitrofurantoin are the drugs of choice depending on the sensitivity profile of the infecting organisim. Pharmacokinetic. pjarmacodynamic relationship for penicillin is indicated by the ratio Cmax/MIC and is in general for penicillins 8-10. Dosage of selected antibiotic should be adjusted to liver function as penicillins are eliminated predominately via liver Dosage of selected antibiotics should be adjusted to renal function since they are predominately eliminated via kidneys Shemay have cystitis, which is commonly caused by infections with H. influenzae, that is in general not sensitive to amoxicillin Hypersensitivity reactions are one of the most common serious side effects of therapy with penicillins, and therefore we should ask the patient about the history of therapy with antibiotics.
Mark statements that are true for elderly patients The risk of falls in elderly is increased due to decrease baroreceptor reflex, low number of GABA receptors and increased consumptions of benzodiazepines Potential inappropiate medicationes in the elderly are described in the Priscus list. The list defines medicines, their main concerns, possible therapeutic alternatives and precautions to be taken when these medications are used in the pharmacotherapy of elderly Among pharmacokinetic processes drug absorption and distribution are the most effected processes in elderly, while metabolism and renal elimination are in general well perseved in elderly patients with minimal clinical importance on the pharmacotherapy Selection of appropriate pharmaceutical dosage form is essential due to frequent problems with swallowing in elderly Solid dosage forms should be crushed before administrarion to facilitate swallowing in elderly Fraily syndorme is marker of aging process and enables drug dosing optimisation in elderly patients.
Satetements true for opioids Small children are more prone to respiratory depression caused by opioid than adults They are the first line tratment in neuropathic pain There is a ceiling effect to their analgesia They can cause tolerance.
Mark the drugs that are not considered safe to be used during pregnancy Warfarin Heparine Angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists (sartans) Penicillins.
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