Questionario e Simulado Linux

What is the purpose of the command vangrant init?. It installs Vagrant on a Linux host. It executes a provising tool in a running box. It downloads a Vangrant boc. It starts a Vangrant box. It creates a Vangrant configuration file.

In order to use the option dom0_mem to limit the amount of memory assigned to the Xen Domain-0, where must this option be speficified?. In the configuration file /etc/xen/Domain-0.cfg, when Xen starts. In its .config file, when the Domain-0 kernel is built. In any of Xen's global configuration files. In the bootloader configuration, when Xen is booted. In its Makefile, when Xen is built.

Which funcionality is provided by Vangrant as well by Docker? (Chosse three). Both start system images as virtual machines instead of containers by defautlt. Both can share directories from the host file system to a guest. Both start system images as containers instead of virtual machines by default. Both can download required base images. Both can apply changes to a base image.

What is the default provider of Vangrant?. docker. virtualbox. vmware_workstation. lxc. hyperv.

In an IaaS cloud, what is a common method for provisioning new computing instances with an operating system and software?. Each new instance is a clone of another currently running instance that includes all the software, data and state of the original instance. Each new instance is connected via a VPN with the computer that started the provisioning and tries to PXE boot from that machine. Each new instance is created based on an image file that contains the operating system as well as software and default configuration for a given purpose. Each new instance contains a minimal live system running from a virtual CD as the basis from wich the administrator deploys the target operating system. Each new instance is connected to the installation media of a Linux distribution and provides access to the installer by logging in via SSH.

Which command within virsh lists the virtual machines that are running on the current host?. list. I view. list-vm. show. list-all.

What is the purpose of cloud-init?. Orchestrate the creation and start of multiple related IaaS instance. Standartize the configuration of infrastructure services, such as load balancers of virtual firewalls in a cloud. Assign as IaaS instance to a specific computing node within a cloud. Prepare the generic image of an IaaS instance to fit a specific instance's configuration. Replace common Linix inic systems, such as systemd or SysV init.

What is the purpose of the packer inspect subcommand?. Show usage statistics of a Packer image. Retrieve files from an existing Packer image. Display an overview of the configuration contained in a Packer template. Execute commands within a running instance of a Packer image. List the artifacts created during the build process of a Packer image.

What is the purpose of capabilities in the context of container virtualization?. Allow regular users to start containers with elevated permissions. Restrict the disk space container can consume. Map potentially dangerous system call to an emulation layer provided by the container virtualization. Enable memory deduplication to cache files which exist in multiple container. Prevent process from performing actions which might infringe the container.

Which directory is used by cloud-init to store status information and configuration information retrieved from external sources?. /opt/cloud/var/. /tmp/.cloud/. /proc/sys/cloud/. /var/lib/cloud/. /etc/cloud-init/cache/.

Which of the following statements are true about container-based virtualization? (Choose two). Different containers may use different distributions of the same operating system. Container-based virtualization relies on hardware support from host system's CPU. All containers run within the operating system kernel of the host system. Each container runs it own operating system kernel. Linux does not support container-based virtualization because of missing APIs.

How does Packer interact with system images?. Packer installs a client within the image which has to be run periodically via cron in order to retrieve the latest template from Packer server and apply it locally. Packer periodically connects through the network to the Packer daemons of all running Packer images in order to re-apply the whole template to the running instance. Packer downloads and extracts an image in order make changes to the image's file system, repack the modified image and upload it again. Packer has to be installed within the target image and is executed during the image's first boot in order to execute preparations tasks. Packer creates an instance based on a source image, prepares the instance through a network connection and bundles the resulting instance as a new system IMAGE.

After setting up a data container using the following command: docker created -v /data --name datastore debian /bin/true how is an additional new container started which shares the /data volume with datastore container?. docker run -v datastore:/data --name service debian bash. docker run --share-with datastore --name service debian bash. docker run -v /data --name service debian bash. docker run --volumes-from datastore --name service debian bash. docker run --volume-backend datastore -v /data --name service debian bash.

After creating a new Docker network using the following command: docker network create --drive brigde isolate_nw which parameter must be added to docker create in order to attach a container to the netwok?. --eth0=isolated_nw. --attach=isolated_nw. --networkisolated_nw. --alias=isolated_nw. --ethernet=isolated_nw.

What LXC command lists containers sorted by their CPU, block I/O or memory consumption? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.).

Which of the following network interfaces types are valid is an LXD container configuration? (Choose three). bridged. physical. macvlan. ipsec. wif.

What happers when the following command is execute twice in succession?. The container resulting from the second invocation can only read the content of /data/ and cannot change it. The second command invocation fails with an error starting that the volume data is already associated with a running container. The original content of the container image dara is available in both containers, although changes stay local within each container. Each container is equipped with it own independent data volume, available at /data/ in the respective container. BOTH containers share the contents of the data volume, have full permissions to alter its content and mutually see their respective changes.

What is the purpose of the kubelet service in Kubernets?. Build a container image as specified in a Dockerfile. Provide a command line interface to manage Kubernets. Store and replicate Kubernets configuration data. Run containers on the worker nodes according to the Kubernets configuration. Manage permissions of users when interacting with the Kubernets API.

If docker stack is to be used to run a Docker Compose file on a Docker Swarm, how are the images referenced in the Docker Compose configuration made available on the Swarm nodes?. docker stack instructs the Swarm nodes to pull the images from a registry, although is does not upload the images to the REGISTRY. docker stack triggers the build process for the images on all nodes of the Swarm. docker stack passes the images to the Swarm master which distributes the images to all other Swarm nodes. docker stack transfers the image from its local Docker cache each Swarm node. docker stack builds the images locally and copies them to only those Swarm nodes which run the service.

What LXC command starts a new process within a running LXC container? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.).

Which of the following commands executes a command in a running LXC container?. lxc-enter. lxc-batch. lxc-eval. lxc-run. lxc-accach.

Which of the following statements in a Dockerfile leads to a container which outputs hello world?. ENTRYPOINT ["echo", "hello", "world"]. ENTRYPOINT ["echo hello world"]. ENTRYPOINT echo hello world. ENTRYPOINT "echo hello world". ENTRYPOINT "echo" "hello" "world".

Which of the following statements are true regarding a Pod in Kubernets? (Choose two). Pods are always created automatically and cannot be explicitly configured. When a Pad fails, Kubernets restarts the Pod on another node by default. systemd is used to manage individual Pods on the Kubernets nodes. All containers of a Pad run on the same node. A Pod is the smallest unit of workload Kubernets can run.

What command is used to run a process in a new Linux namespace? (Specify ONLY the command without any path parameters.).

Which of the following values wold be valid in the FROM statement in a Dockerfile?. file:/tmp/ubuntu/Dockerfile. registry:ubuntu:focal. ubuntu:focal. docker://ubuntu: focal. http://docker.example.com/images/ubuntu-focal.iso.

Which CPU flag indicates the hardware virtualization capabillity on an AMD CPU?. HVM. PVM. VIRT. SVM. VMX.

What is the purpose of a .dockerignore file?. It exists in the root file system of containers that should ignore volumes and ports provided by Docker. It lists files existing in a Docker image which should be execluded when building a derivate image. It must be placed in the top level directory of volumes that Docker should never attach automacatically to a container. It specifies files that Docker does not submit to the Docker daemon when building a Docker image. Is specifies which parts of a Dockerfile should be ignored when building a Docker image.

Which file in a cgroup directory contains the list of processes belonging to this cgroup?. casks. subjects. pids. members. procs.

What kind of virtualization is implemented by LXC?. Application containers. CPU emulation. Paravirtualization. Hardware containers. System containers.

Which subcommand of virsh opens the XML configuration of a virtual network in an editor in order to make changes to that configuration? ( Specify ONLY the subcommand whithout any parameters.).

Which of the following statements is true regarding networking with libvirt?. Libvirt requires a dedicated network interface that may not be used by the host system. Libvirt's network functionality is limited to connecting virtual machines to a physical network interface of the host system. Libvirt assiqns the same MAC address to all virtual machines and isolates their network interfaces at the link layer. Libvirt supports exactly one virtual network and connects all virtual machines to it. Libvirt networks appear, By default, as standard Linux bridges in the host system.

Which of the following are true regarding the CPU of a QEMU virtual machine? (Choose two). QEMU uses the concept of a virtual CPUs to map the virtual machines to physical CPUs. The CPU architeture of a QEMU virtual machine is independent of the ssystem's architeture. QEMU virtual machines support multiple virtual CPUs in order to run SMP systems. For each QEMU virtual machine, one dedicated physical CPU core must be reserved. Each QEMU virtual machine can only have one CPU with one core.

Which of the following statements about the command lxc-checkpoint is correct?. It writes the status of the container to a file. It doubles the memory consumption of the container. It only works on stopped containers. It creates a container image based on an existing container. It creates a clone of a container.

The command virsh vol-list vms returns the following error: error: failed to get pool 'vms' error: Storage pool not found: no storage pool with matching name 'vms' Given that directory /vms exists, which of the following commands resolves this issue?. qemu-img pool vms:/vms. dd if=/dev/zero of=/vms bs=1 count=0 flags=name:vms. touch /vms/.libvirtpool. libvirt-poolctl new --name=/vms --type=dir --path=/vms. virsh pool-create-as vms dir --target /vms.

Which of the following values are valid in the firmware attribute of a <os> element in a libvirt domain definition? (Choose two). scsi. efi. virtio. pcie. bios.

Which statement is true regarding the Linux kernel module that must be loaded in order to use QEMU with hardware virtualization extensions?. It must be loaded into the kernel of the first virtual machine at it interacts with the QEMU bare metal hypervisor and is required to trigger the start of addional virtual machines. It must be loaded into the kernel of each virtual machine to provide Para virtualization which is required by QEMU. It must be loaded into the kernel of the host system in order to use the virtualization extensions of the host system's CPU. It must be loaded into the kernel of the each virtual machine that will access files and directories from the host system's file system. It must be loaded into the kernel of the host system only if the console of a virtual machine will be connected to a physical console of the host system.

Which of the following mechanisms are used by LXC and Docker to create containers? (Choose three). Kernel Namespaces. Control Groups. File System Permissions. POSIXACLs. Linux Capabilies.

Which file format is used by libvirt to store configuration data?. Text files containing key/value pairs. SQLite databases. INI-style text files. Java-like properties files. XML files.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the following output of xl list: Both Debian and Ubuntu require xl commands to start running. It is necessary to use the xl command to change Ubuntu's state to running. The domain with ID 2 uses Para virtualization. CentOS is the domain which has consumed the most CPU time. Ubuntu os idle or waiting for I/O.

What is true about containerd?. It is the initial process run at the start of any Docker container. It runs in each Docker container and provides DHCP client functionality. It requires the Docker engine and Docker CLI to be installed. It uses rune to start containers on a container host. It is a text file format defining the buid process of containers.

Which of the following resources can be limited by libvirt for a KVM domain? (Choose two). Size of available memory. File systems allowed in the domain. Number of running processes. Number os available files. Amount of CPU lime.

Virtualization of which hardware component is facilitated by CPUs supporting nested page table extensions, such as Intel Extended Page Table (EPT) or AMD Rapid Virtualization Indexing (RVI)?. Memory. IO Cache. Host Bus Adapters. Network Interfaces. Hard Disks.

If a Dockerfile contains the following lines: WORKDIR / RUN cd /tmp RUN echo test > test where is the file test located?. /root/tesc within the container image. test in the directory holding the Dockerfile. /ting/test within the container image. /tmp/test on the system running docker build. /test within the container image.

Which of the following commands boots a QEMU virtual machine using hardware virtualization extensions?. qvm start -vmx -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024 -boot d. qemu -accel kvm -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024 -boot d. vm -kvm -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024 -boot d. qvirt -create -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024 -boot hvm. qemu-hw create -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024 -boot d.

Which of the following tasks are part of hypervisor's responsability? (choose two). Map the resources of virtual to the resources of the host system. Manage authentication to network services running inside a virtual machine. Provide host-wide unique PIDs to the processes running inside the virtual machines in order to ease iner-process communication between virtual machines. Isolate the virtual machines and prevent unauthoring access to resources of other virtual machines. Create filesystems during the isolation of the new virtual machine quest operating systems.

Which of the following devices exist by default in a LXC container? (choose three). /dev/console. /dev/urandom. /dev/root. /dev/kmem. /dev/log.

Which of the following services can QEMU provide in a user network? (choose three). AppleTask. CIFS. BGP. DHCP. TFTP.

Which of the following statements are true regarding VirtualBox?. It requires dedicated share storage, as it cannot store virtual machine disk images locally on block devices of the virtualization host. It is a hypervisor designed as a special kernel that is booted before the first regular operating system starts. It provides both a graphical user interface and command line tools to administer virtual machines. It is available for Linux only and requires the source and cannot run Windows inside a virtual be available. It only support Linux as a guest operating system and cannot run Windows inside a virtual machine.

Which of the following commands moves the libvirt domain web1 from the current host system to the host system host2?. virsh pool-add host web1. virsh node-update host1=dom:web1 host2=+dom:web1. virsh migrate web1 qemu+ssh://host2/system. virsh cp .:web1 host2:web1. virsh patch web1 .Domain.Node=host2.

A clone of a previously used virtual machine should be created. All VM specific information, such as user accounts, shell histories and SSH host keys should be removed from the cloned disk image. Which of the following tools can perform these tasks?. virt-sparsi. virt-rescue. sysprep. virt-reset. virt-svspre.

Which the following commands deletes all volumes which are not associated with a container?. docker volume prune. docker volume orphan -d. docker volume garbage-collect. docker volume cleanup. docker volume vacuum.

Which the folloqing types of guest systems does Xen support?. Fully virtualized guests. Container virtualized guests. Paravirtualized guests (PVI). Foreign architeture guests (FA). Emulated guests.

Which the following commands lists all diferences between the disk images vm1-snap.img and vm1.img?. virt-history -a vm1-snap.img -A vm1.img. virt-diff -a vm1-snap.img -A vm1.img. virt-cp-in -a vm1-snap.img -A vm1.img. virt-cmp -a vm1-snap.img -A vm1.img. vir-delta -a vm1-snap.img -A vm1.img.

How can data be shared between several virtual machines running on the same Linux-based host system?. By using a network file system or file transfer protocol. By attaching the same virtual hard disk to all virtual machines and activating EXT4 sharing extensions on it. By setting up a ramdisk in one virtual machine mounting it using UUID in the other VMs. By mounting other virtual machine's file system from /dev/virt-disks/remote/. By writing data to the file system since all virtual machines on the same host system use the same file system.

Which the following values are valid in the type attibute of a <domain> element in a libvert domain definition? (choose two). namespace. proc. cgroup. kvm. lxc.

Which the following statements are true regarding resource management for full virtualization: (choose two). It is up to the virtual machine to use its assigned hardware resources and create, for example, an arbitrary amount of network sockets. The hypervisor provides each virtual machine with hardware of a defined capacity that limits the resources of the virtual machine. Full virtualization canot pose any limits to virtual machines and always assigns the host system's resources in a first-come-first-server manner. The hypervisor may provide fine-grained limits to internal elements of the guest operating system such as the number of processes. All processes created within the virtual machines are transparently and equally scheduled in the host system for CPU and I/O usage.

What does IaaS stand for?. Infrastruture as a Service. Intelligence as a Service. Instances as a Service. Information as a Service. Integration as a Service.

Which the following kinds of data can cloud-init process directly from user-data?. ISO images to boot from. Shell scripts to execute. cloud-config declarations in YAML. Based64-encoded binary files to execute. Lists of URLs to import.

Which the following statements are true about sparce images in the context of virtual machine storage? (choose two). Sparse images can only be used in conjunction with paravirtualization. Sparse images may consume an amount of space different from their nominal size. Sparse images allocated backend storage at the first usage of a block. Sparse images are automatically shrunk when files within the image ares deleted. Sparse images are automatically.

What is the default path to the Docker daemon configuration file on Linux? ( Specify the full name of the file, Including path).

Which value must be set in the option builder in the configuration file of a Xen guest domain in order to create a fully virtualized machine instead of a paravirtualized one?.

Which programing language is QEMU primarily written in?. C++. C. Python. Java.

What are the key benefits of using cloud management tools?. Automated scaling of virtual machines. Streamlined billing and invoicing. Efficient resource allocation. Enchanced security through encryption.

Which the following are container orchestration platforms?. Docker compose. Kubernets. LXC. Docker Swarm.

What is the same of the global configuration file for the xl tool stack?.

In the comand -vzctl___________ 105 /usr/bin/apt-get install wget which subcommand of vzctl is missing order to install wget in the OpenVZ container 105?.

Which command in the KVM monitor restores a snapshot?.

Which sub-command of xl changes the media inside a virtual CD-ROM drive of a xen guest domain?.

What is a container image?. A snapshot of an application and its dependencies. A physical server. A lightweight virtual machine. An operating system kernel.

What is Packer?. A container orchestration tool. An image building tool. A virtualization platform. A configuration management tool.

In order to determine if a virtualization host offers Intel VT-x support, which CPU flag must be searched for in the file /proc/cpuinfo?.

Which virsh subcommand is used to change the CD-ROM image file attached to a virtual machine?.

Which command was used in Xen 3.x as a predecessor of the xl command?.

Which sub-command of xl list the block devices thar are currently attached to a Xen gues domain?.

When using direct Linux booting to start Linux within a KVM virtual machine, which KVM parameter is used to specify parameters for the Linux Kernel? (Specify ONLY the option name without any values or parameters.).

Which the following network interface types are valid in an LXD container configuration? (choose three). bridged. physical. macvlan. ipsec. wif.

What is libvirt?. A hardware virtualization platform. A virtualization technology. A Linux distribuition. A virtualization management API.

Which cloud management tools are know for their infrastructure-as-code approach? (Select all that apply). Puppet. Terraform. AWS Cloud Formation. Ansible.

Which utility is used to create and manage virtual machine disk images in Linux?. Disk utility. qemu-img. VirtualBox Manger. Libvirt Disk Manager.

What are the key benefits of using cloud management tools?. Enchanced security trhough encryption. Automated scaling of virtual machines. Streamlined billing and invoicing. Efficient resource allocation.

Which of the following statements are true for full virtualization? ( choose TWO correct answers). Full virtualization has a severe performance impact and should not be used in production environments. Full virtualization has no performance impact compared to a non-virtualized bare-metal installation on the same machine. Full virtualization may be supported by special CPU extensions that provide better performance. Full virtualization does not require changes to the guest operating systems. Full virtualization always requires additional software components and cannot be done using Linux only.

What is the primary advantage of container virtualization compared to traditional virtualization?. Lower resource utilization. Greater hardware compatibility. Faster startup times. Improved isolation between application.

Which statement is true regarding the Linux kernel module that must be loaded ir order to use KVM?. It must be loaded into the kernel of the host system only if the console of a virtual machine will be connected to a physical console of the host system. It must be loaded into the kernel of the host system in order to use the virtualization extensions of the host system's CPU. It must be loaded into the kernel of each virtual machine to provide paravirtualization which is required by KVM. It must be loaded into the kernel of each virtual machine that will access files and directories from the host system's file system. It must be loaded into the kernel of the first virtual machine as it interacts with the KVM bare metal hypervisor and is required to trigger the start of additional virtual machines.

Which of the following tools is not typically used for VM provising and image creation?. Kubernets. Packer. cloud-init. Vagrant.

Where are paravirtualized device drivers installed?. In the Host OS. Compiled into the hypervisor. No special drivers are required for paravirtualization. In the Gues OS.

What is cloud-init?. A configuration tool for customizing cloud instances. A virtualization platform. A containerization tool. A cloud management tool.

What are some benefits of using Packer for image building? ( Select all that apply). Built-in monitoring and logging. Improved security through automated patching. Consistency in machine images across diferent environments. Faster provisioning of virtual machines.

Which disk image formats are commonly used in Linux-based virtualization enviroments: (Select all that apply). RAW. Qcow2. VMDK. VHD.

Which functionality is provided by Vangrant as well as by Docker? (Choose three). Both start system images as virtual machines instead of containers by default. Both start system images as containers instead of virtual machines by default. Both can apply changes to a base image. Both can download required base images. Both can share directories from the host file system to a guest.

Which container orchestration platform is often associated with automated scalling and load balacing?. Amazon ECS. Docker Compose. LXC. Kubernets.

It must be loaded into the kernel are benefits of virtualization?. Increased security. Simplified backup and recovery. Reduced software compability issues. Improved hardware utilization.

Which the following techonologies is the most important component of IaaS clouds?. Emulation. Database replication. Manadatory Access Control. Virtualization. DNS delegation.

What is the primary purpose of Vanfrant's "Vangrantfiles" configuration file?. To specify the developer's name and contact information. To provide a list of available softwares packages. To define the virtual machine's hardware requirements. To specify cloud provider details.

Which the following KVM parameters is idential to the KVM parameter -hdb file.img?. -drive bus=hd,busid=b,src=file.img. -drive bus=ide1,type=slave,image=file.img. -drive file=.img,index=1,media=disk,if=ide. -drive image=file.img,if=ide,device=hdb. -drive type=loop,src=file.img,dst=disk:hdb.

Which the following tools is used to interact with XenStore?. xendo. xs. xstore. xentore-ls. xl store.

When setting up a KVM virtualization host, which one of the following components is NOT required?. virsh. kvm kernel modules. libvirt. qemu. bridgeutils.

Which the following componets are essencial in Docker architeture? (Select all that appy). Docker Daemon. Docker Registry. Docker Client. Docker Compose.

What is oVirt?. A library that provides access to several different virtualization technologies in a common manner. An approach used to eliminate the need for virtualization called Zero-Virt. An extension to the Linux Kernel used to provide container virtualization similiar to LXC and OpenVZ. A comprehensive management infrastructure for Linux-based virtualization. A Linux-based hypervisor similiar to KVM and Xen.

Which the following statements are true regarding emulation? (Choose two). Emulation allows operating systems to be run on foreign architetures. Emulation requires changes to the guest operating system. Emulation can only provide distinct hardware components but no complete virtual machines. Emulation reimplements a whole computing system in software.

What are cloud management tools primarily used for?. Monitoring network traffic. Creating containerized applications. Provisioning and managing virtual machines in the cloud. Managing physical servers.

Which command within virsh lists the virtual machines that are available on the current host?. view. list-all. show. list. list-vm.

Which subcommand of virsh opens the XML configuration of a virtual network in an editor inorder to make changes to that configuration? (Specify ONLY the subcommand without any parameters.). Correct. Incorrect.

Which of the following types of guest systems does Xen support? (Choose TWO correct answers.). Emulated guests (EMU). Fully virtualized guests (HVM). Container virtualized guests (CVM). Foreign architecture guests (FA). Paravirtualized guests (PV).

Which of the following is a benefit of virtualization?. Improved security. All of the above. Decreased resource utilization. Simplified hardware management.

When using Packer to create machine images, what are some common sources for baseimages? (Select all that apply). Custom images created by the organization. Images from untrusted sources. Official operating system images. Physical servers.

In which scenarios would Vagrant be most beneficial for developers?. When deploying applications to the cloud. When managing network infrastructure. When developing and testing applications locally. When working on large-scale production environments.

Which of the following statements are true regarding hardware based virtualization? (Choose TWO correct answers.). Hardware based virtualization is not available on x86-based CPU architectures and requiresspecial virtualization host hardware. Hardware based virtualization relies on the host system's processor to call the hypervisor whencritical instructions are executed by a virtual machine. Hardware based virtualization implements a whole machine in software and therefore can runvirtual machines of a given hardware platform on an arbitrary host system. Hardware based virtualization requires special support in the host system's hardware which ispresent in all recent x86-based computers.

What does LXC stand for?. Legacy Xenon Container. Linux Container Xenon. Linux Container. Lightweight Xenon Container.

What types of cloud-init data sources can be used to configure cloud instances? (Select all that apply). Metadata service. User data scripts. Cloud-based configuration management tools. QR codes.

Which sub-command of xl changes the media inside a virtual CD-ROM drive of a Xen guestdomain? (Specify ONLY the sub-command without any path or parameters.) Solution: block-attach -or- xl cd-insert -or- cd-eject -or- xl cd-eject -or- cd-insert -or- xl block-attach -or-block-detach -or- xl block-detach Determine whether the given solution is correct?. Correct. Incorrect.

Which virtualization platforms can Vagrant be used with? (Select all that apply). VirtualBox. Docker. AWS. VMware.

What is the primary benefit of using Packer for creating machine images?. It speeds up the development of application code. It simplifies the deployment of virtual machines. It ensures consistency between development and production environments. It provides real-time monitoring of virtual machines.

Which of the following restrictions is true when using KVM with the User Network?. Virtual Machines cannot use ICMP. Virtual Machines can communicate with the host system and with other virtual machines usingUser Network. Virtual Machines are restricted to only use IPv6 and not IPv4. Virtual Machines can only communicate with other virtual machines but not with the hostsystem. Virtual Machines must use a SOCKS proxy to connect to the internet.

What is Docker Hub?. A container image registry. A Linux distribution. A container orchestration platform. A container runtime.

Xen is a: Application virtualization platform. Virtualization management tool. Type 1 hypervisor. Type 2 hypervisor.

After setting up a data container using the following command: docker create -v /data --namedatastore debian /bin/true how is an additional new container started which shares the /datavolume with the datastore container?. docker run -v datastore:/data --name service debian bash. docker run --volumes-from datastore --name service debian bash. docker run -v /data --name service debian bash. docker run --share-with datastore --name service debian bash. docker run --volume-backend datastore -v /data --name service debian bash.

Which file format is used by libvirt to store configuration data?. Java-like .properties files. SQLite databases. INI-style text files. Text files containing key/value pairs. XML files.

Which command was used in Xen 3.x as a predecessor of the xl command? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.) Solution: xm Determine whether the given solution is correct?. Correct. Incorrect.

What is the name of the kernel module that is required to be loaded in order to use KVM on anIntel CPU architecture? (Specify ONLY the module name without any path information and with or without the module suffix.) Solution: kvm-intel.ko -or- kvm-intel -or- kvm_intel.ko -or- kvm_intel Determine whether the given solution is correct?. Correct. Incorrect.

What is the typical format for cloud-init configuration files?. .xml. .ini. .yaml. .json.

Which of the following tasks is performed by Vagrant?. It is a hypervisor optimized for the usage in embedded systems based on the ARM CPUarchitecture. It migrates virtual machines automatically between host systems to distribute the load of allvirtual machines equally to all hosts involved. It is a programming interface used to create reports from collected performance and resourceusage data of a libvirt-based virtualization infrastructure. It monitors the functionality of a virtual machine and restarts the VM in case of failure. It automates the installation of a virtual machine according to a configuration file describing thedesired VM.

Which of the following statements are true of full virtualization? (Select THREE correct answers). Full virtualization requires time and system resources for emulation. Full virtualization requires no modification to the Guest OS kernel. Full virtualization is faster than paravirtualization. Full virtualization works through CPU emulation. Full virtualization has superior I/O performance through the emulated device drivers.

Which of the following statements are true regarding IaaS computing instances? (Choose TWO correct answers.). Each and every user of an IaaS cloud has exactly one computing instance. Instances may be created when needed and destroyed when they become obsolete. Creation of new instances can be automated by using scripts or APIs and service interfaces. The root file system of a computing instance is always persistent and can be accessed after theinstance is destroyed. Once created, computing instances are seldom deleted in order to ensure the accessibility ofthe instance's data.

What is the name of the global configuration file for the xl tool stack? (Specify the file name only without any path.) Solution: /etc/xen/xl.conf -or- xl.conf Determine whether the given solution is correct?. Correct. Incorrect.

How does cloud-init enhance the customization of cloud instances?. It automatically configures all aspects of the cloud instance. It allows you to specify scripts and user data. It integrates with popular containerization tools. It provides a GUI for configuration.

How can data be shared between several virtual machines running on the same Linux-basedhost system?. By setting up a ramdisk in one virtual machine and mounting it using its UUID in the other VMs. By using a network file system or file transfer protocol. By attaching the same virtual hard disk to all virtual machines and activating EXT4 sharingextensions on it. By default, Linux-based virtualization products provide full access to the host system to allvirtual machines. By mounting other VM's file systems from /dev/virt-disks/remote/.

Which operating systems are compatible with cloud-init? (Select all that apply). Windows. Android. macOS. Linux.

Which of the following commands are needed to establish a private network between two (ormore) KVM virtual machines that is not visible to other KVM instances on the same KVM host? (Choose THREE correct answers.). tunctl. brctl. ifconfig. ipconfig. ebtables.

What is Xen's role in paravirtualization?. It requires modified guest OSes for improved performance. It only supports fully virtualized guests. None of the above. It fully virtualizes hardware.

What is QEMU primarily used for?. Emulating hardware to run virtual machines. Managing virtual machines. Creating virtual disk images. Monitoring virtualized environments.

Which of the following are valid KVM parameters? (Choose THREE correct answers.). -drive file=rsync://user%password@fileserver:/tmp/file.iso,media=cdrom,readonly. -drive file=iscsi://user%password@fileserver/iqn.2001-04.com.example/1. -drive file=imap://user:password@mailserver:/INBOX/Wufnc6MjYp@mailgate. -drive file=http://user:password@fileserver/pub/linux.iso,media=cdrom,readonly. drive file=ssh://user@host/tmp/file.img.

Which of the following statements are true about container-based virtualization? (Choose TWO correct answers.). Linux does not support container-based virtualization because of missing kernel APIs. Container-based virtualization relies on hardware support from the host systems CPU. Each container runs its own operating system kernel. All containers run within the operating system kernel of the host system. Different containers may use different distributions of the same operating system.

How does Vagrant facilitate collaboration among developers?. It allows developers to share consistent development environments. It automatically generates code for cloud resources. It provides real-time monitoring of virtual machines. It integrates with containerization tools.

Which of the following is true about LXC?. It is only compatible with Windows. It does not use the Linux kernel. It is a container runtime. It is primarily used for virtual machine management.

How do containers share the host OS kernel?. Containers do not use a kernel. Containers run directly on the host kernel.a. Containers share the kernel but run isolated user spaces. Containers have their own full OS.

Which command is used to perform all central management and configuration operationsregarding OpenVZ containers? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.) Solution: vzctl -or- virsh Determine whether the given solution is correct?. Correct. Incorrect.

What is the effect of running the virsh vcpupin CLUSNODE-2 4 2 command?. It increases the number of virtual CPUs in CLUSNODE-2 from 2 to 4. It set the affinity for all virtual CPUs of virtual machine CLUSNODE-2 to the physical processors 2 and 4. It sets the affinity of the virtual CPU 4 of virtual machine CLUSNODE-2 to physical processor 2. It reduces the number of virtual CPUs in CLUSNODE-2 from4 to 2.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the following output of xl list: Slack is idle or waiting for I/O. Both Debian and Slack require xl commands to start running. It is necessary to the use xl command to change Slack's state to running. CentOS is the domain which has consumed the most CPU time. The domain with ID 2 use paravirtualization.

Wich value must be set in teh option builder the configuration file of a Xen guest domain in order to create a fully virtualized machine instead of a paravirtualized one? (Specify ONLY the value without any option name, quotes or operators.) Solution: hvm' -or- "hvm" -or- hvm Determine wheter the given solution is correct?. Incorrect. Correct.

What is the primary benefit of using container orchestration platforms like Kubernets of Docker Swarm? Response: They provide a graphical user interface for containers. They enablethe creation of container images. They simplify the management of individual containers. They automate deployment, scaling, and load balancing of containers.

What does LXC stand for? Response: Lightweight Xenon Container. Legacy Xenon Container. Linux Container. Linux Container Xenon.

Which of the following products use container-based virtualization? (Choose THREE corrects ansewers) Response: KVM. OpenVZ. LXC. Linux VServer. Xen.

What is Docker Hub? Response: A container orchetration platform. A container image registry. A Linux distribution. A container runtime.

Which of the following is true about LXC? Response: It is a container runtime. It does not use the Linux kernel. It is only compatible with Windows. It is primarily used for virtual machine management.

How does Vangrant facilitate collaboration among developers? Response: It allows developers to share consistent development enviroments. It automatically generates code for cloud resources. It provides real-time monitoring of virtual machines. It integrates with containerization tools.

Which container orchetration platform is often associated with automated scaling and load balacing? Response: LXC. Docker Compose. Amazon ECS. Kubernets.

Which of the following network interface type are valid in an LXD container configuration? (Choose three) Response: wifi. physical. macvlan. bridge. ipsec.

Xen is a: Response: Type 2 hypervisor. Application virtualization platform. Type 1 hypervisor. Virtualization management tool.

Which of the following virtualization technologies does Libvirt support? Response: KVM. VirtualBox. VMWare. All of the above.

What can you configure using cloud-init? Response: Docker container configurations. Network settings. User accounts and SSH keys. Cloud billing information.

Which command in the KVM monitor ejects the first IDE CDROM drive? (specify the KVM monitor command INCLUDING ALL REQUIRED PARAMETERS) Solution: eject ide1-cd0 -or- eject -f ide1 -cd0 Determine whether the given solution is correct? Response: Incorrect. Correct.

Which if the following tasks are parts of a hypervisor's responsibility? (Choose TWO correct ansewers) Response: Create filesystems during the isollation of new VM guest operating systems. Ensure isolation and eliminate any interference between virtual machines. Manage authenication to network services runnig inside a virtual machine. Map the resources of virtual machines to the resources of the host system. Provide host-wide unique PIDs to the processes running inside the VMs in order to ease interprocess communication betwenn virtual machines.

What is oVirt? Response: An extention to the Linux Kernel used provide container virtualization similar to LXC and OpenVZ. A library that provides access to several different virtualization technolgies in a common manner. A comprehensive management infrastructure for Linux-based virtualization. An approach used to eliminate the need for virtualization called Zero-Virt. A Linux-based hypervisor similar to KVM and Xen.

Which command was used in Xen 3.x as a precedessor of the xl command? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters) Solution: xm Determine whether the given solution is correct? Response: Correct. Incorrect.

Which the following commands can be used to determine whether the local machine is capable of running full virtualized Xen guest? (Choose TWO corrects ansewers) Response: grep -i " Full Virtualization" /proc/xen. egrep '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpinfo. grep -i " Full Virtualization" /proc/xen/*. xl dmesg | grep -i hvm. dmesg |grep -i intel|grep -i vt; dsmeg |grep -i amd|grep -i v.

What are some benefits of using Packer for image building? (Select all that apply) Response: Consistency in machine images across different environments. Improved security throught automated patching. Built-in monitoring and logging. Faster provisioning of virtual machines.

Which virtualiation platforms are commonly supported by Packer? (Select all that apply) Response: Docker. VMWare. VirtualBox. KVM.

What is the role of the Docker Daemon in the Docker architeture? (Select all tha apply) Response: It communications with the Docker Registry. It manages containers images. It handles container runtime operations. It provides the graphical user interface for Docker.

How can data in a computing is an IaaS be permanently saved and accessed even after recreation of the computing instance? (Choose TWO correct answers) Response. By saving the data to /cloud/persistent/ whith is provided in all common IaaS clouds. By saving the data to to the memory of the computing instance using tmpfs. By saving the data to object stores provided by a separate service in the cloud. By saving the data to on persistent block devices that must be explicitly connected to the computing instance. By saving the data to anywhere in the computing instance's file system.

Which of the following statements are true regarding resource management for full virtualization? (Choose TWO correct ansewers) Response: The hypervisor may provide fine-grained limits to internal elements of the guest operating system such as the number of processes. Full virtualization cannot pose any limits to virtual machines and always assigns the host system's resources in a first-come-serve manner. The hypervisor provides each virtual machine with hardware of a defined capacity that limits the resources of the virtual machine. All processes created within the virtual machines are transparently and equally scheduled in the host system for CPU an I/O usage. It is to the virtual machine to use its assigned hardware resources and created, for example, an arbritary amount of network sockets.

Which the following restrictions is true when using KVM with the User Network? Response: Virtual Machines cannot use ICMP. Virtual Machines can communicate with the host system and with other virtual machines using User Network. Virtual Machines are restricted to only use IPv6 and not IPv4. Virtual Machines must use a SOCKS proxy to connect to the internet. Virtual Machines can only communicate with other virtual machines but not with host system.

What is QEMU primarily used for? Response: Creating virtual disk images. Emulating hardware to run virtual machines. Monitoring virtualized enviroments. Managing virtual machines.

A configuration file for a Xen virtual machine was created with file name slack.cfg within Xen's configuration directory. Which of the following commands starts the virtual machine defined in the configuration file and opens the virtual machine's console current commman line? Response: xl create slack.cfg. xl start slack.cfg -c. xl create slack.cfg --show-console. xl start slack. xl create slack.cfg --c.

Whish virsh subcommand is used to change the CD-ROM image file attached to a virtual machine? (Specify ONLY the subcommand without any parameters) Solution: change-media -or- virsh change-media -or- qemu-monitor-command -or-virsh qemu-monitor-command Determine whether the given solution is correct? Response: Incorrect. Correct.

When used with KVM, which of the following block device image formats support snapshosts? Response: dmg. qed. qconw2. qcow. raw.

When migrating a physical machine to a full virtualized machine, which of the following properties shold be expected to change from the perpesctive of the gues operating system? (Choose TWO correct ansewers) Response: The version of the guest operating system. The user accounts within the guest operating system. The software and applications installed on the guest system. The MAC address of the network interfaces. The properties of the CPU and other hardware devices.

When KVM is launched with the parameter --boot order=n, which of the following devices will be searched for bootable operating system? Response: All floppy, CDROM, and hard disk drives in that order. No devices are searched and the user prompted to choose the boot device. All network interfaces attached to the VM. No devices are searched in order to support directly booting a Linux kernel. All hard disks and no other devices.

What is cloud-init? Response: A containerization tool. A configuration tool for customizing cloud instances. A virtualization platform. A cloud management tool.

Xen can operate in both paravirtualization and hardware virtualization modes. (Select all that apply) Response: False. True.

Wich of the following are container orchestration platforms? (Select all that apply) Response: LXC. Docker Compose. Kubernets. Docker Swarm.

Which of the following statements are true regarding IaaS computing instances? (Choose TWO correct ansewers). Creation of new instances can be automated by using scripts or APIs and service interfaces. Each and every user of an IaaS cloud exactly one computing instance. Once created, computing instances are seldom deleted in order to ensure the accessibility of the instance's data. The root file system of a computing instance is always and can be accessed after the instance is destroyed. Instances may be created when needed and destroyed when they become obsolete.

Within the graphical output of a KVM virtual machine, which key sequence switches to the KVM monitor of the VM? Response. Ctrl-Alt-4. Ctrl-Alt-3. Ctrl-Alt-1. Ctrl-Alt-0. Ctrl-Alt-2.

Whith cloud management tools are known for their infrastructure-as-code approach? (Select all that apply) Response: AWS CloudFormation. Puppet. Terraform. Ansible.

Which of the following statements is true regarding VirtualBox? Response. VirtualBox uses container-based virtualization and can olny run virtual machines using the operating system of the host system. VirtualBox contains a hypervisor that runs independently from any other system on a bare metal host. VirtualBox provides special device drivers for several operating systems to enchance the virtual machine's performance. VirtualBox can only be run from a graphical enviroment and not from the text console. VirtualBox is part of the vanilla Linux kernel and does not require additional software installation on recent Linux distributions.

Which of the following KVM monitor commands changes the image file in the first ID CDROM drive of a virtual machine? Response: eject --reconnect ide1 -cd0 /tmp/linux.iso. change ide1 -cd0 /tmp/linux.iso . . set ide1 -cd0=/tmp/linux.iso. update ide1 -cd0 /tmp/linux.iso. disc file=/tmp/linux.iso,device=/dev/sr0.

When using direct Linux booting to star Linux within a KVM virtual machine,which KVM parameter is used to specify parameters for the Linux Kernel? (Specify ONLY the option name without any values or parameters) Solution: append -or- append Determine whether the given solution is correct? Response. Correct. Incorrect.

Which funcionality is provided by Vangrant as well by Docker? (Choose three) Response: Both start system images as virtual machines instead of containers by default. Both can downloa required base images. Both can share directories from the host file system to a guest. Both can apply changes to a base image. Both start system images as containers instead of virtual machines by default.

Which the following statements are true about container-based virtualization? (Chosse TWO correct ansewers) Response: All containers run within the operating system kernel of the system. Each container runs its own operating system kernel. Linux does not support container-based virtualization because of missing kernel APIs. Container-based virtualization relies on hardware support from the host systems CPU. Different containers may use different distreibuitions of the same operating system.

What is Packer? Response. A configuration management tool. An image building tool. A virtualization platform. A container orchetration tool.

In order to determine if a virtualization host offters Intel VT-x support, which CPU must be searched for in the file/proc/cpuinfo ? (Specify the name of the CPU flag as it is mentioned in the given file only without any additional information) Solution: vmx -or- VMX Determine whether the given solution is correct? Response: Incorrect. CORRECT.

How does cloud-init enchance the customatization of cloud instances? Response: It allows you to specify scripts and user data. It integrates with popular containerazation tools. It automatically configures all aspects of the cloud instance. It provides a GUI for configuration.

Which of the following statements are true regarding Xen domains? (Choose TWO correct ansewers) Response: Paravirtualized domains are significantly slower than fully virtualized domains. Fully virtualized and paravirtualized domains are managed using the same tools and commands. Both paravirtualized and fully virtualized domains may run on the same host system. Xen domains of all types require virtualization extensions in the host system's CPU. All fully virtualized domains are called 'Dom0' while all paravirtualized domains are called 'DomU'.

In the command - vzctl _______ 105 /usr/bin/apt-get install wget which subcommand of vzctl is missing in order to install wget in the OpenVZ container 105 ? Solution: exec -or- exec2 Determine whether the given solution is correct? Response: CORRECT. Incorrect.

Which command whithin virsh lists the virtual machines that are available on the current host? Response. show. LIST. list-vm. list-all. view.

Which of the following statements are true of full virtualization? (Select three correct answers) Response. Full virtualization requires no modification to the Guest OS Kernel. Full virtualization works through CPU emulation. Full virtualization requires time and system resources for emulation. Full virtualization is faster than paravirtualization. Full virtualization has superior I/O performance through the emulated device drivers.

Which cloud providers are commonly supported by cloud management tools? (Select all that apply). Google Cloud Platform (GCP);. Oracle Cloud;. AmazonWeb Services (AWS);. Microsoft Office 365.

How does Packer help in making virtual machine images more efficient? Response: It enchances the security of virtual machines. It increases the number of pre-installed application. It simplifiles the backup process. It reduces the size of the images.

What is container orchestration? Response: The process of managing container images. The process of deploying and managing containerezed applictions at scale. The process of creating container images. The process of optimizing container resource utilization.

How can data be shared between several virtual machines runnig on the same Linux-based host system? Response: By mouting other VM's file systems from /dev/virt/disks/remote/. By default, Linux-based virtualization products provide full access to the host system to all virtual machines. By attaching the same virtual hard disk to all virtual machines and activating EXT4 sharing extensions on it. By setting up a ramdisk in one virtual machine and mouting it using its UUID in the other VMs. By using a network file system or the file transfer protocol.

What is the primary purpose of QEMU? (Select all that apply) Response: Managing virtual machines. Creating virtual disk images. Emulating hardware to run virtual machines. Monitoring physical hardware.

What are cloud management tools primarily user for? Response: Provisioning and manaring virtual machines in the cloud. Monitoring network traffic. Managing physical servers. Creating containerized applications.

Which of the following commands boots a KVM virtual machine using Debian GNU/Linux? Response: kvm -qemu -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024-boot d. qemu-kvm -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024-boot d ;. qemu -create -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024-boot d. kvm -create -drive file=debian.img -cdrom debian.iso -m 1024-boot d.

What is a container image? Response: A snapshot of an application and its dependencies;. An operating system kernel. A lightweight virtual machine. A physical server.

Which sub-command of xl changes the media inside a virtual CD-ROM drive of a xen guest domain? (Specify ONLY the sub-command whithout any path or parameters) Solution: block-attach -or- xl cd-insert -or-cd-eject -or- xl cd-eject -or- cd-insert -or- xl block-attach -or- block-deatach -or- xl block-detach Determine whether the given solution is correct?. Incorrect. CORRECT.

Which of the following statements are true for full virtualization? (Choose TWO correct ansewers) Response: Full virtualization has no performance impact comporaded to a non-virtualized bare-metal installation on the same machine. Full virtualization does not require changes to the guest operating systems;. Full virtualization may be supported by special CPU exensions that provide better performance;. Full virtualization always requires additional software components and cannot be done using Linux only. Full virtualization has a severe performance impact and should not be used in production enviroments.

Which of the following statements is true regarding XenStore? Response: It is a software repository located within the host system used to provide software packages to the guest domains. It saves the persistent configuration of all defined Xen domains and restores them when the host system is started. It manages disk files images on behalf of a virtual machines and provides them as virtual devices to guest domains. It stories run time information regarding Xen and its domains using hierarchical namespaces shared between domains;. It is a web interface used to provide self-service domain provisioning to users with sufficient privileges.