Codina Test 201-250

201.-What is the primary carbohydrate found in breast milk and commercial infant formulas?. Fructose. Lactose. Glucose. Sucrose.

202.-Which of the following patients is least likely to become an alcoholic?. A patient whose father has a history of alcoholism. A patient whose wife complains that he drinks too much. A patient who drinks one cup of wine nightly with dinner. A patient who feels he drinks all the time.

203.-The following conditions are absolute contraindications for the use of oral contraceptives except: Hepatomas. History of emboli that resolved with heparin therapy 15 years ago. A family history of migraines with aura. A history of gallbladder disease during pregnancy.

204.-The most common cause of cancer deaths in males is: Lung cancer. Prostate cancer. Colon cancer. Skin cancer.

205.-Which of the following findings are seen in a patient with folate-deficiency anemia?. Microcytic and hypochromic RBCs. Microcytic and normochromic RBCs. Normal size and color of the RBCs. Macrocytic and normocytic RBCs.

206.-When confirming a case of temporal arteritis, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is expected to be: Normal. Lower than normal. Elevated. Indeterminate result.

207.-Mrs. Green, age 45, is complaining of generalized morning stiffness, especially in both her wrist and hands. It is much worse in the morning and lasts for a few hours. She also complains of fatigue and generalized body aches that have been present for the past few months. Which of the following is most likely?. Osteoporosis. Rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis. Gout.

208.-During a well child visit, a new father wants to know if he can give fresh whole milk to his 6-month-old son. The nurse practitioner would recommend that: He can start giving whole milk but not skim milk by 6 months of age. He should not give whole milk to his son until the boy is at least 12 months of age. He can give whole milk to his son at anytime. He should not give whole milk to his son without diluting it with water.

209.-Which of the following drugs is effective therapy for treating pain in patients who are having an acute exacerbation of gout?. Acetaminophen (Tylenol). Systemic steroids. Indomethacin (Indocin). Allopurinol (Zyloprim).

210.-The complications of untreated gout include: Loss of joint mobility and renal failure. Loss of joint mobility and liver failure. An increased risk of urinary tract infections. Bladder cancer.

211.-A 21-year-old female who is complaining of random palpitations is diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Her echocardiogram (EKG) reveals redundant and thickened leaflets. You note a Grade III/VI systolic murmur with an ejection click during physical examination. You would recommend: Endocarditis prophylaxis for most dental and urologic procedures. Endocarditis prophylaxis is not necessary. Lifetime anticoagulation therapy with warfarin sodium. Endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures only.

212.-You note bony nodules located at the proximal interphalangeal joints on both the hands of your 65- year-old female patient. Which of the following is most likely?. Bouchard’s node. Heberden’s node. Osteoarthritic nodules. Tophi deposits.

213.-Which chronic illness disproportionately affects the Hispanic population?. Diabetes mellitus. Hypertension. Alcohol abuse. Skin cancer.

214.-A lipid profile done on a newly diagnosed hypertensive patient shows a triglyceride level of 650 mg/dL, total cholesterol 240 mg/dL, LDL 145 mg/dL, and an HDL of 35 mg/dL. What is the best intervention for this patient?. Educate the patient about lifestyle changes that will help lower cholesterol levels. Initiate a prescription of pravastatin (Pravachol). Recommend that the patient exercise at least every other day and avoid eating fatty or fried foods. Initiate a prescription of nicotinic acid (Niacin, Niaspan).

215.-Cullen’s sign is most commonly associated with which of the following?. Acute pancreatitis. Myocardial infarction. Acute pyelonephritis. Preeclampsia.

216.-The “gold standard” for the diagnosis of active Helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach or duodenum is: A Helicobacter pylori titer. An endoscopy with tissue biopsy. An upper GI series. A urea breath test.

217.-Which of the following foods would you advise a new mother to introduce to her 6-month-old infant first?. Iron-fortified rice cereal. Plain rice cereal. Iron-fortified pureed chicken meat. Plain pureed carrots.

218.-Jim Wheeler is obese (BMI of 33), fatigued, and complaining of excessive thirst and hunger. You suspect type 2 diabetes mellitus. Initial testing to confirm diagnosis can include: Fasting plasma glucose level. Glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1 c). Glucose tolerance testing. All of the above.

219.-A bulla is defined as: A solid nodule less than 1 cm in size. A superficial vesicle filled with serous fluid greater than 1 cm in size. A maculopapular lesion. A shallow ulcer.

220.-A newborn’s mother is discovered to be HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) positive. Which of the following would you recommend for this infant?. Give the baby hepatitis B immunoglobulin. Give the baby both hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin. Give the baby hepatitis B vaccine only. Send the baby home because he is not infected.

221.-Which of the following is the confirmatory test for the HIV screening test?. ELISA test for HIV. Western blot. HIV polymerase chain reaction test. HIV antibody.

222.-All of the following findings are associated with the secondary stage of an infection by the organism Treponema pallidum except: Condyloma acuminata. Maculopapular rash of the palms and soles. Lymphadenopathy. Condyloma lata.

223.-The following are acceptable methods of birth control for breastfeeding mothers, Except: Diaphragm with spermicidal gel. Progesterone-only pills (Micronor). Condoms. Low-dose oral contraceptives with at least 20 mcg of estradiol (Alesse, Lo-estrin).

224.-Women with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) have an increased risk for all of the following complications except: Ectopic pregnancy. Scarring of the fallopian tube(s). Infertility. Ovarian cysts.

225.-The differential diagnosis for genital ulceration includes all of the following, except: Syphilis. Genital herpes. Chancroid. Molluscum contagiosum.

226.-Lead poisoning can cause which type of anemia?. A mild macrocytic anemia. Normocytic anemia. Macrocytic anemia. A mild hemolytic anemia.

227.-Hypovolemic shock would most likely occur with fractures of the: Spine. Pelvis. Femur. Humerus.

228.-Podagra is associated with which of the following?. Rheumatoid arthritis. Gout. Osteoarthritis. Septic arthritis.

229.-While assessing for a cardiac murmur, the first time that a thrill can be palpated is at: Grade II. Grade III. Grade IV. Grade V.

230.-Medium-pitched harsh mid-systolic murmur is best heard at the right second ICS of the chest. It radiates into the neck. Which of the following is the correct diagnosis?. Aortic stenosis. Pulmonic stenosis. Aortic regurgitation. Mitral stenosis.

231.-Which type of hepatitis virus infection is more likely to result in chronic hepatitis and increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma?. Hepatitis A virus. Hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis C virus. Both hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

232.-What is the caloric content of infant formula and breast milk?. 10 kcal/30 mL. 15 kcal/30 mL. 20 kcal/30 mL. 25 kcal/30 mL.

233.-A 19-year-old female has recently been diagnosed with acute hepatitis B. She is sexually active and is monogamous. She reports using condoms inconsistently. What would you recommend for her male sexual partner who was also tested for hepatitis with the following results: HBsAg (−), anti-HBs (−), anti-HCV (−), anti-HAV (+)?. A hepatitis B vaccination. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin. Hepatitis B vaccination and hepatitis B immunoglobulin. No vaccination is needed at this time.

234.-All of the following conditions are associated with an increased risk for normocytic anemia except: Rheumatoid arthritis. Lupus. Chronic autoimmune disorders. Pregnancy.

235.-You can determine a pulse deficit by counting the: Apical and radial pulses at the same time, then finding the difference between the two. Apical pulse first, then the radial pulse, and subtracting to find the difference between the two. Apical pulse and the femoral pulse at the same time and fi nding the difference between the two. Radial pulse first, then counting the femoral pulse, and subtracting to find the difference between the two.

236.-An infant who does not have a history of reactive airway disease and allergy has both inspiratory and expiratory wheezing accompanied by fever and profuse clear nasal discharge. Which of the following is most likely?. Tracheobronchitis. Bronchiolitis. Croup. A small foreign body that is lodged on the left main bronchus.

237.-Patients who are being screened for TB and are immunocompromised should be evaluated for anergy. Which of the following is the best description of anergy testing?. Apply Candida or mumps antigen to the right forearm and the PPD on the left forearm and read results in 48 to 72 hours. Apply Candida or mumps antigen and PPD on left forearm only and check for a reaction in 24 hours. Mix the Candida or mumps antigen with the PPD and apply it to both forearms. Apply the Candida or mumps antigen 24 hours before the PPD on the left forearm.

238.-A nurse practitioner is evaluating an 80-year-old woman from a nursing home. She is instructing the patient to remember the words “orange,” “house,” and “world.” A few minutes later, the patient is told to recall these 3 words. Which of the following is being described?. The Lachman test. A neurologic exam. The Romberg test. The Mini Mental Status Exam.

239.-In most states, patients younger than age 18 years may consent to health care without parental or legal guardian consent except for which of the following?. Contraception. Pregnancy. School physicals. STD evaluation and treatment.

240.-A hypertensive middle-aged man who is Native American has recently been diagnosed with mild renal insufficiency. He has been on lisinopril (Accupril) for many years. Which of the following laboratory values should be carefully monitored?. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and the MCV (mean corpuscular volume). Serum creatinine and potassium levels. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Serum sodium, potassium, and magnesium.

241.-You suspect an enterobiasis infection in a 6-year-old girl. Which of the following tests would you recommend?. Stool culture and sensitivity. Stool for ova and parasites. The scotch tape test. A Hem occult test.

242.-What is the most common cause of left ventricular hypertrophy in the United States?. Chronic atrial fibrillation. Chronic hypertension. Mitral valve prolapses. Pulmonary hypertension.

243.-Asthmatics may have all of the following symptoms during an exacerbation except: Rapid pulse. Wheezing. Chronic coughing. Tachypnea.

244.-Laws governing nurse practitioner authority are determined by the: Board of Nursing. State Legislature. American Nursing Association. State Medical Association.

245.-A 10-year-old male who was recently accepted into his school’s soccer team has a history of exercise- induced asthma. The child wants to know when he should take his Albuterol inhaler. The nurse practitioner would advise the patient: Premedicate himself 20 minutes prior to starting exercise. Wait until he starts to exercise before using the inhaler. Premedicate 60 minutes before starting exercise. Wait until he finishes his exercise before using his inhaler.

246.-Atrophic macular degeneration of the aged (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly in the United States which of the following statements is correct?. It is a slow or sudden painless loss of central vision. It is a slow or sudden painless loss of peripheral vision. It is an occlusion of the central retinal vein causing degeneration of the macular area. It is commonly caused by diabetic retinopathy.

247.-A 12-year-old girl is complaining of a 2-week history of facial pressure that worsens when she bends over. She complains of tooth pain in her upper molars on the right side of her face. On physical exam, her lung and heart sounds are normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?. An acute dental abscess. Chronic sinusitis. Acute sinusitis. Severe allergic rhinitis.

248.-Which of the following findings is associated with thyroid hypofunction?. Graves disease. Eye disorder. Thyroid storm. Myxedema.

249.-What is the best procedure for evaluating a corneal abrasion?. Tonometry. Fluorescein stain. Visual field test. Funduscopy.

250.-You are examining a patient who has just been diagnosed with Bell’s palsy. Bell’s palsy is characterized by all of the following except: Drooling. Inability to swallow. Inability to close the eye on the affected side. Drooping of the corner of the mouth on the affected side.