Ultimate Goal.
Breath from the deepest part of the lung.
acronym "DWI" means.
acronym "DUI" means.
Phase One.
Phase Two.
Phase Three.
An involuntary jerking of the eyes as they gaze toward the side.
Unlawful in and of itself.
Used to describe a law which makes it illegal
to drive while having a statutorily prohibited Blood Alcohol Concentration.
An involuntary jerking of the eyes.
In this phase the officer observes and interviews the driver face to face; determines whether to ask the driver to step from the vehicle; and observes the driver's exit and walk from the vehicle.
In this phase the officer administers field sobriety tests to determine whether there is probable cause to arrest the driver for DWI, and administers or arranges for a preliminary breath test.
A pre-arrest breath test administered during investigation of a possible DWI violator to obtain an indication of the person's blood alcohol concentration.
"Mind/Body.".
Used to describe field sobriety tests that measure a person's ability to perform both mental and physical tasks.
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus, Walk-and-Turn, and One-Leg Stand, administered and evaluated in a standardized manner to obtain validated indicators of impairment based on NHTSA research.
Breath from the upper part of the lungs and mouth.
In this phase the officer observes the vehicle in operation, determines whether to stop the vehicle, and observes the stopping sequence.
An involuntary jerking of the eyes ( up and down) which occurs when the eyes gaze upward at maximum elevation.
On the average, ____ percent of drivers on the road at any given time are DWI.
It is conservatively estimated that the typical DWI violator commits that offense about _____ times per year.
A frequently quoted, and often misinterpreted, statistic places the average incidence of DWI at one driver in _____.
driving public's fear of being arrested.
in typical enforcement jurisdictions, one DWI violations in _________ results in arrest.
three noteworthy reasons why the DWI arrest to violations ratio (1:2000) is so low
DWI violators outnumber police officers
officers not skilled at DWI detection
not motivated to detect and arrest DWI violators.
The goal is to encourage more Americans to:
avoid committing DWI
intervene actively to prevent others from committing DWI
avoid riding with drivers who are impaired.
two general approaches that must be taken to induce more people to avoid DWI violations.
can be described as negative reinforcement.
strives to change DWI behavior without dealing directly with the prevailing attitudes about the rightness or wrongness of DWI.
those who have been caught and arrested and punished.
The ability to _____ DWI violators is the key to _____ and possibly, the
greatest impediment to it.
The ingestible alcohol is known as.
Ethanol production starts with.
decomposition in which the sugars in fruit, grains and other organic materials combine with yeast to product the chemical we call ethanol.
Obtaining a higher ethanol content requires a process.
heating the beverage until the ethanol "boils off", then collecting the ethanol vapor.
name we give to high-ethanol-concentration beverages produced by distillation.
rum, whiskey, gin, vodka.
The ethanol concentration of distilled spirits usually is expressed in terms of.
number corresponding to twice the ethanol percentage.
as far as their alcoholic contents are concerned, a _____ of beer, a _____ of wine and a _____ of whiskey are all the same.
Beer is normally dispensed in _____-ounce servings.
A standard glass of wine has about _____ ounces of liquid.
Whiskey and other distilled spirits usually contains about _____ ounce
of fluid.
Ethanol is a.
Once the ethanol gets into the stomach, it has to move into the blood.
Most of the alcohol a person drinks is eliminated by.
On the average, however, a person's blood alcohol concentration -- after reaching peak value -- will drop by about ______.
a BAC of 0.015 is equivalent to about _____ of the alcohol content of a standard drink.
0.08 means that there is 0.08 of ethanol in every ______ of blood.
ethanoll goes wherever it finds _____-.
So the typical male will eliminate about _____ of a drink per hour, while the typical female will burn up about _____ of a drink in that hour.
Every chemical that is an "alcohol" contains what three elements.
Most of the alcohol that a person drinks is absorbed into the blood via the.
In which organ of the body does most of the metabolism of the alcohol take
place?.
In order to arrest someone for a basic DWI violation, a law enforcement officer must
have probable cause to believe that all elements of the offense are present.
states drivers must submit to a chemical test(s.
The weight of the chemical test evidence is _____ of alcohol influence, not _____.
illegal to drive with a prescribed blood alcohol concentration (BAC).
The _____ makes it an offense to drive while under the influence of alcohol and/or any drug. The _____ makes it an offense to drive while having more than a certain percentage of alcohol in the blood.
For the basic DWI offense, the chemical test result is _____ evidence. .
For the Illegal Per Se offense, the chemical test result is _____ evidence.
The principal purpose of the Illegal Per Se Law is to _____ of drinking
and ______.
These laws permit a police officer to request a driver suspected of DWI to submit to an on-the-spot breath test prior to arresting the driver for DWI.
If DWI is a criminal offense, the standard of proof is ________.
PBT results are used to help determine ____________.
The entire process of identifying and gathering evidence to determine whether or not a suspect should be arrested for a DWI violation.
The detection process _____ when the police officer first suspects that a _____ may be occurring and ends when the officer decides that there is not sufficient _____ to arrest the suspect for DWI.
In Phase One: Your first task is to.
In Phase One Your second task is to.
In Phase Two: Your first task is to .
In Phase Two Your second task is to.
In Phase Three: Your first task is to.
In Phase Three: Your second task is then to.
phase one decision.
phase two decision.
phase three decision.
phase 3 may not occur if there is an.
Evidence of DWI is largely _____ in nature.
two things the officer should do to prepare testimony just before the trial.
common signs of alcohol influence on BAC 0.03%.
common signs of alcohol influence on BAC 0.05%.
common signs of alcohol influence on BAC 0.08%.
common signs of alcohol influence on BAC 0.10%.
Alcohol impairs the ability to _____ among tasks.
Face-to-face observation and interview of the driver allows you to use three senses
to gather evidence of alcohol and/or other drug influence.
Among the describable clues an officer might see during the Phase Two
interview are these three:.
Among the describable clues an officer might hear during the Phase II
interview are these three:.
Among the describable clues an officer might smell during the Phase II
interview are these three.
A basic purpose of the face-to-face observation and interview of the driver is to
_____ of alcohol and/or other drug influence.
Questioning Techniques.
methods of assessing a suspect's mental and physical impairment.
Two divided attention field sobriety tests.
Walk-and-Turn is a divided attention test consisting of two stages.
In the Walk-and-Turn Instructions Stage, the subject must stand with their feet _____, keep their arms at their _____ and _____ to the instructions. .
The Walk-and-Turn Instructions Stage divides the subject's attention between a _____ task (standing while maintaining the heel-to-toe position) and an _____ task (listening to and remembering instructions).
In the Walk-and-Turn Walking Stage the subject takes _____ steps, _____ in a prescribed manner, and take _____ heel-to-toe steps back, while _____ the steps out loud, while _____ their feet.
The Walk-and-Turn Walking Stage divides the subject's attention among a
_____ task (walking heel-to-toe and turning); a _____ task
(counting out loud); and a _____ task (recalling the number of steps
and the turning instructions).
In the Walk-and-Turn Test, original research shows that if a suspect exhibits _____ or more of the clues, or cannot complete the test, the suspect's BAC is likely to be above _____. This criterion has been shown to be accurate _____ percent of the time.
One-Leg Stand is a divided attention test consisting of two stages.
the One-Leg Stand Test Instruction Stage, the subject must stand with feet _____ keep arms at _____ and listen to _____.
The One-Leg Stand divides the subject's attention between a _____ task (maintaining a stance) and an _____ task (listening to and remembering instructions.).
In the Balance and Counting Stage of the One-Leg Stand, the subject must raise one _____, either leg, with the foot approximately _____ inches off the ground, keeping raised foot _____ to the ground. While looking at the elevated foot, _____ out loud in the following manner: "one thousand and one", "one thousand and two", one thousand and three until told to _____.
The One-Leg Stand Test divides the subject's attention between _____ (standing on one foot) and _____ (counting out loud).
One-Leg Stand Test original research shows that, when the suspect produces _____ or more clues or is unable to complete the test, it is likely that the BAC is above _____. This criterion has been shown to be accurate _____ percent of the time.
The basic purpose of _____ is to demonstrate the association of alcohol with the observable evidence of the suspect's impairment.
There are two common factors that tend to produce high results on a PBT.
There are two common factors that tend to produce low PBT results.
In the HGN test, original research shows that, when the suspect produces _____ or more clues, it is likely that the BAC is above _____. This criterion has been shown to be accurate _____ percent of the time.
There are three general categories of nystagmus:.
_____ nystagmus occurs when the person is spun around or rotated rapidly, causing the fluid in the inner ear to be disturbed.
_____ Nystagmus is closely related to rotational nystagmus: when the person stops spinning, the fluid in the inner ear remains disturbed for a period of time, and the eyes continue to jerk.
_____ Nystagmus occurs when fluid motion in the canals of the vestibular system is stimulated by temperature as by putting warm water in one ear and cold in the other.
_____ Nystagmus occurs when a foreign fluid, such as alcohol, that alters the specific gravity of the blood is in unequal concentrations in the blood and the vestibular system.
_____ Nystagmus occurs when the eyes fixate on an object that suddenly moves out of sight, or when the eyes watch sharply contrasting moving images.
_____ Nystagmus is a natural nystagmus that keeps the sensory cells of the eye from tiring. It is the most common type of nystagmus.
_____ Nystagmus occurs as the eyes move from the center position.
_____ Gaze Nystagmus occurs as the eyes move to the side.
_____ Gaze Nystagmus is an involuntary jerking of the eyes which occurs when the eyes gaze upward at maximum elevation.
_____ Nystagmus is referred to as a jerking of the eyes as they look straight ahead.
_____ nystagmus may begin if a subjects eyes are held at maximum deviation for more than _____ seconds.
Walk-and-Turn is an example of _____ field sobriety test.
|
