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The CPU and the device controllers can execute ..... in parallel. separately. can't execute. none of them.

Software may trigger an interrupt by executing a special operation called a …. System call. monitor call. both of them. none of them.

There is an interaction between user and computer in Simple Batch System. True. False.

In MS-DOS, the interfaces and levels of functionality are well separated. True. False.

There are three essential elements of a process which are: set of data. PCB. program code. all of them.

There are several causes for process termination like …............... Normal completion. I/O success. both. none.

All of the following are advantages of processes cooperation except…. information sharing. computation speedup. modularity. Response time.

Number of processes that complete their execution per time unit. Response time. Waiting time. throughput. turnaround time.

FCFS implementation is easily managed with……. LIFO queue. FIFO queue. linked list. none.

If the time quantum is large enough, RR reduces to the SJF ….. True. False.

For FCFS scheduling, if the burst times of P1= 22, P2=12, and P3= 5 then average waiting time =. 11.03. 11.4. 11.04. none of them.

For SJF scheduling, if the burst times of P1= 22, P2=12, and P3= 5 then average waiting time =. 5.2. 5.4. 5.7. none.

FCFS scheduling algorithm is preemptive. True. False.

When a process switches from the running state to the waiting state, such as for an I/0 request, this case is…….. non-preemptive. preemptive.

The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor is the …….. state. waiting. ready. running. none of them.

The process scheduler selects an available process from a set of several available processes for execution on the CPU. True. False.

The types of Real-time Operating System are. Three. one. four. none.

In Simple Batch System, there is a mechanism to prioritize the processes. True. False.

Most handheld devices have a small amount of memory, include fast processors, and small display screens. True. False.

All services of OS are provided in the kernel. True. False.

Amount of time it takes from when a request was submitted until the first response is produced, output is Response time. True. False.

CPU scheduling allows one process to use the CPU while another is doing I/O. True. False.

In non-preemptive scheduling, a running process can be interrupted by the scheduler. True. False.

Where is the bootstrap program typically stored?. RAM. Hard Disk. ROM. Cache memory.

What is a system call?. A request made by software to hardware. A request made by hardware to the CPU. A function for user input. A call to the printer driver.

What is the main goal of a Desktop Operating System?. Maximizing CPU utilization. Maximizing User convenience. Only supporting multi-user operations. Avoiding resource allocation.

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a Distributed OS?. Faster processing. Reduced load on the host machine. Requires only one central processor. supports multiple computers.

What is a key limitation of Handheld Systems?. Unlimited memory. Fast processors. Small display screens. No power constraints.

Why are Handheld Systems typically slower than traditional computers?. They use larger memory. They use the same CPU as desktop systems. They have less processing power and smaller memory. They only run batch processing.

Which of these systems is most concerned with resource utilization?. Personal computers. Mainframes. Handheld devices. Embedded systems.

Which of the following is not a component of a modern computer system?. CPU. Device controller. Interrupt Handler. Operating system kernal.

Which of the following stage triggers the CPU switch from user program to interrupt processing?. I/O request. transfer done. interrupt signaled. interrupt handled.

Which is NOT a type of user interface?. Batch. GUI. CLI. Firmware.

What happens when a job in a Multiprogramming System needs I/O?. CPU stops working. OS switches to another job. Job execution is paused permanently. OS waits until I/O is complete.

In which clustering type does one machine monitor another but not perform tasks?. Symmetric clustering. Parallel clustering. Asymmetric clustering. Distributed clustering.

Which method of passing parameters involves storing data in memory and passing the address?. Block or Table. Register. Stack. Dectionary memory.

example of an OS with a modular design... MS-DOS. Solaris. Windows 95. IOS.

How man methods for passing parameters to. 2. 16. 34. 3.

which OS structure depend on OOP.... Layered structure. Microkernal. Modular structure. Simple structure.

What else is a command interpreter called?. prompt. kernal. command. shell.

How does the software trigger an interrupt?. Sending signals to CPU through bus. Executing a special operation called system call. Executing a special program called system program. Executing a special program called interrupt trigger program.

The main functionality of command interpreter of the operating system is to. remove commands. execute commands. fetch commands. Decode commands.

What is a major problem of Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling?. It causes starvation for high-prority processes. It's difficult to predict the length of the next CPU burst. It uses a large time quantum. It ignores process arrival time.

SJF always gives the maximum average waiting time. True. False.

Can a process move from one queue to another in Multilevel Queue Scheduling?. Yes. No.

What happens in time-slice (RR between queues) scheduling?. Foreground queue gets 100% CPU. CPU time is shared between queues in fixed percentages. All queues run together. Process pick their own time slices.

A process switches from running to waiting state. This triggers: Preemptive scheduling. Non-preemptive.

Which IPC model involves kernel intervention?. shared memory. message passing.

Shared memory is faster than message passing because: It avoids kernal overhead. it uses queues.

What is the main function of the Shell?. to provide the interface between the API and application program. to handle the files in the operating system. to get and execute the next user-specified command. none of the mentioned.

To access the services of the operating system, the interface is provided by the ______. Library. API. Assembly instructions. System calls.

Operating system (OS) is a program that acts as a/an …....... between applications and the computer hardware. Compiler. System. Interface. None.

Operating System is having number of objectives, they are....... Convenience and Efficiency. Efficiency and Ability to evolve. Convenience and Ability to evolve. All of them.

Device controllers and CPUs connected through a common ... Tree. Bus. Graph. None of them.

Once the …... is loaded and executing, it can start providing services to the system and its users. Unit. Atom. Kernal. None.

On UNIX, the first system process is …... and it starts many other daemons. init. CPU. Memory. None.

When the CPU is interrupted, it.... Continue what it is doing then transfers execution to a fixed location. Breaks what it is doing and then transfers execution to a fixed location. stops what it is doing and immediately transfers execution to a fixed location. None.

There is an interaction between user and computer in Simple Batch System. True. False.

In Multiprogramming Batch System, the prime focus is to minimize the CPU usage. True. False.

Multiprocessor system provides ….. High computing power. High speed. Both. None.

The goals of Desktop System operating systems are for …. a)Maximizing user convenience. b)Maximizing user responsiveness. c)Maximizing CPU and peripheral utilization. Both a and b.

” One-to-One systems” is a type of distributed operating systems. True. False.

The basic idea behind micro kernels is to .... Remove all nonessential services from the kernel. Make the Kernal as small and efficient as possible. Both. None.

Time Sharing Systems are like …. Multiprocessor Systems. Real-Time OS. Simple Batch Systems. Multiprogramming Batch Systems.

There are three essential elements of a process which are: set of data. PCB. program code. All the above.

One of the elements of PCB which is the address of the next instruction in the Program to be executed: identifier. state. context data. program counter.

Each process may be in one of the following states like …..... new. running. both. none.

Some of the scheduling queue is …....... a job queue. ready queue. device queues. all of them.

Most ….................... use exit () system call to terminate a process. OS. CPU. Pid. none.

There are several causes for process termination like …............. Normal completion. I/O success. both a and b. none.

in long-term scheduler if all processes are I/O bound, then …........... Queue will be empty. a) ready. b) I/O. c) CPU. both b and c.

................. is the key tool that enables the OS to support multiple processes And provide for multiprocessing. PCB. CPU. Pid. none.

Processes executing concurrently maybe............. or ….......... dependent, cooperating. independent, uncooperating. independent, Cooperating. dependent, uncooperating.

A process is cooperating if: a)it does not share data with any other process. b) it shares data with any other process. c)it can affect or be affected by the other process executing in system. Both b and c.

All of the following are advantages of processes cooperation except……. Information sharing. Computation speedup. Modularity. Response time.

Inter-process communication (IPC) has ………. Model. one. two. three. four.

Queue maybe ordered in various ways for example: FIFO queue. linked list. both. none.

The criteria include the following except ……. CPU utilization. Waiting time. Turnaround time. Real-time.

In batch system there are no users waiting at their terminals for a quick response to a short request. True. False.

Algorithms used in scheduling in batch system are. FCFS. SJF. SRTN. ALL.

Preemptive SJF version called. Shortest-remaining-time-first. Shortest job first. FCFS. ALL.

In FCFS scheduling it would be disastrous to allow …... process to keep the CPU for an extended period. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Process is a data in memory. True. False.

Useful in a distributed environment. shared memory. message passing.

How is software structured in most computers?. as a set of layers. as a single unit. as a physical chip. as a random collection of files.

What is a major concern for handheld computer OS design?. Battery life performance. Unlimited hardware expansion. Heavy multitasking capabilities. High-end graphics processing.

How many major categories of system calls are there?. 4. 5. 7. 6.

Which category of system calls is responsible for handling hardware interactions?. Process control. File Management. Device management. Memory allocation.

Which of the following is NOT an input/output device?. Hard disk. keyboard. CPU. Monitor.

What does inter-process communcation allow. Running multiple programs on the same machine. Data transfer between different processes. Only executing programs sequentially. Direct user control over memory.

How do modules differ from a layered structure?. Modules follow a strict top-down approach. Modules require message passing. Modules are always less efficient. Modules can directly communicate with each other.

How do modules differ from microkernels?. Modules requires a large core kernal. Modules do not use message passing. Modules cannot be linked dynamically. Modules do not allow direct communication.

Which parameter passing method is the simplest ?. Block or Table. Stack. Registers. Filesystem.

What is the main advantage of using a block or stack approach for passing parameters?. Faster execution speed. No limit on the number or length of parameters. Requires less memory. Requires no system calls.

Which state comes immediately after "New" in the process lifecycle?. Terminated. Running. Ready. Waiting.

What happens when an I/O operation completes for a Waiting process?. It moves to Terminated. It moves to Running. It moves to New. None.

What is the main function of the long-term scheduler?. Allocate CPU. Load Processes into memory. Handle I/O requests. Manage power saving.

I/O-bound process that spends more time doing computation.... True. False.

Context switch occurs when: A new process is created. The CPU finishes executing all processes. When time slice expires. The system is powered off.

What uniquely identifies a process in the system?. PCB. PID.

"Time Overrun" means a process completed its task faster than expected. True. False.

6. Which of the following is NOT included in the Process Control Block. PID. Process state. Process priority. Source Code of the program.

We need the The long-term scheduler when. Frequently , every few milliseconds. a process leaves the system. Whenever a new device is connected.

If scheduling takes 10 milliseconds and a process runs for 100 milliseconds, what percentage of CPU is wasted?. 5%. 9%. 10%. 15%.

What does the process scheduler do when it dispatches a process?. Moves it from "Ready" to "Running" state. Deletes the process. Moves it from "Waiting" to "Terminated" state. Stops the execution of all other processes.