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Sof_Main_Evol_3_p2
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Sof_Main_Evol_3_p2 Description: Sof_Main_Evol_3_p2 Author: Sof_Main_Evol_3_p2 Other tests from this author Creation Date: 15/01/2024 Category: Others Number of questions: 15 |
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• _________ means preserving software from decline or failure.
• ________ means a continuously changing software from a worse state to a better state. عارف مش عارف . عارف مش عارف . Evolution of Software Systems Cont. Software evolution is studied with two broad, complementary approaches: • ____________________: 1. This approach attempts to explain the causes of software evolution , the processes used, and the effects of software evolution. 2. The explanatory approach studies evolution from a _____ view point. • _____________ : 1. This approach attempts to manage the effects of software evolution by developing better methods and tools, namely, design, maintenance, refactoring, and reengineering. 2. The process improvement approach studies evolution from an _____ view point. عارف مش عارف . SPE Taxonomy • The abbreviation SPE refers to • S _________, • P (_________, and • E _________ • It proposed an SPE classification scheme to explain the ways in which programs vary in____________________. عارف مش عارف . S-type (Specified) programs have the following characteristics: • All the non-functional and functional program ______, that are important to its stakeholders, are formally and __________ defined. • Correctness of the program with respect to its formal specification is the only criterion of the acceptability of _____________________. عارف مش عارف . • P-type (Problem) program is based on a _____________ of the problem, instead of relying on a completely defined specification. A program That play chess is an example. • The P-type program resulting from the changes cannot be considered a new solution to a new problem. Rather, it is a _______________ to better fit the existing problem. • In addition, the real world may change, hence the problem changes. عارف مش عارف . An E-type (Evolving) program is one that is embedded in the real world and it ___________. • These programs mechanize a human or society activity, make simplifying assumptions, and interface with the external world by requiring or providing services. • The acceptance of an E-type program entirely depends upon the ___________________ and judgment of the solution. عارف مش عارف . قراءة فقط Evolution of FOSS Systems • Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) – also referred to as FLOSS (Free/Libre/Open Sources Software). • FOSS have lots of new characteristics. Eric Raymond concisely documented the FOSS approach in an article entitled “The Cathedral and the Bazaar.” Richard M. Stallman FOSS is made available to the general public with either relaxed or non-existent intellectual property restrictions. The free emphasizes the freedom to modify and redistribute under the terms of the original license while open emphasizes the accessibility to the source code عارف مش عارف . • There are huge differences between the evolutions of FOSS based software and Closed Source Software (CSS) based software in terms of: (i) ____________, (ii) ____________, (iii) ____________, and (iv) ____________. عارف مش عارف . Maintenance of COTS-based Systems • A commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) component is defined as: A unit of composition with contractually specified interfaces and explicit context dependencies only. A software component can be deployed _________ and is subject to _________ . • The use of COTS components is increasing in modern software development because of the following reasons: (i) there is significant gain in productivity due to reusing commercial components; (ii) the time to market the product decreases; (iii) The product quality is expected to be high, assuming that the COTS components have been well tested; and (iv) there is efficient use of human resources due to the fact that development personnel will be freed up for other tasks. عيوب • ______________ • _________________ عارف مش عارف . Maintenance of COTS-based Systems Cont. • The only source code being written and modified by the integrators is what is needed for integrating the COTS based systems. • This includes code for: (i) Tailoring and Wrapping the individual components, and (ii) Glue code required to put the components together. ===== __________: It is a piece of code that one builds to isolate the underlying components from other components of the system. ________ component provides the functionality to combine different components. ________ Components tailoring refers to the ability to enhance the functionality of a component. عارف مش عارف . Why Maintenance of CBS is Difficult? • ______________. • ______________. • Trojan horses. • Unreliable COTS components. • Defective middleware. عارف مش عارف . Maintenance Activities for Component Based Systems (CBSs) Based on following cost-drivers: - - - - - عارف مش عارف . Design Properties of Component Based Systems • The architecture of a CBS has significant impact on its maintainability. • The main areas influencing CBS maintainability are as follows: 1. ___________________, and 2. _________ used to perform integration on the components. • Component selection: The following attributes of components effect the evolution maintenance of CBSs: 1. ________ of components. 2. ________ of components. 3. Available support community. عارف مش عارف . Design Properties of Component Based Systems Cont. The following design attributes of a maintainable CBS have been identified by Vigder and Kark: • Encapsulated component collaborations, • Controlled component interfaces, • Controlled component dependencies, • Minimal component coupling, • Consistent failure handling, • __ level of visibility, and • _____ build and deployment effort. عارف مش عارف . |
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